2024年5月21日是第五個“國際茶日”。中國是茶的故鄉(xiāng)，世界上最早的茶樹在這里孕育而生。同一株茶樹的葉子，可以制成不同味道的茶。古代絲綢之路打開了中國與歐亞各國之間貿(mào)易往來的大門，而茶葉作為流通在絲綢之路的主要商品，給世界帶來的經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會、文化價值影響深遠(yuǎn)。
茫茫云海,千年茶林。
Amid the sea of clouds stand a forest of millennium-old tea trees.
1300年前,布朗族先民在景邁山地區(qū)(西南邊陲的云南省普洱市瀾滄拉祜族自治縣)發(fā)現(xiàn)原始的古茶樹,繼而在這里定居下來,成為最早種茶的民族之一。
About 1300 years ago, the ancestors of the Bulang ethnic group discovered primitive old tea trees in the area of Jingmai Mountain (Lancang Lahu Autonomous County, Pu’er City, southwest China’s border province Yunnan), and then settled there, becoming one of the earliest tea-growing ethnic groups.
如今,景邁山被稱為“普洱茶自然博物館”,是全球唯一一座列入世界文化遺產(chǎn)的古茶山。這里全年溫暖濕潤、土壤肥沃,春秋兩季是采摘茶葉的最佳時期。布朗族茶農(nóng)們穿梭茶山,經(jīng)過精心的采摘,以及殺青、揉捻、晾曬、壓制等一系列復(fù)雜的工藝,最終制成了我們熟知的普洱茶。
Today, Jingmai Mountain is known as a natural museum of Pu’er tea and is the only old tea mountain on earth listed as a world cultural heritage. It is warm and humid throughout the year, and boasts fertile soil. Spring and autumn are the best seasons to pick tea, when the tea farmers of the Bulang ethnic group will cross the tea mountain. After careful picking, as well as a series of sophisticated steps such as fixation, rolling, drying, and pressing, the well-known Pu’er tea is produced.
布朗族是愛茶的民族,還創(chuàng)造出了“酸茶”。一般在五六月份,將采回的較粗老的古茶樹鮮葉煮熟,放涼后裝入竹筒,直至填滿無空隙,然后用芭蕉葉把竹筒的口密封,埋進(jìn)土里發(fā)酵兩個月左右,酸茶就做好了。
The Bulang people are a tea-loving ethnic group which has created the unique sour tea. Generally, in May and June, the fresh leaves of thick old tea trees are cooked, cooled and then put into bamboo tubes until they are fully filled. Then the bamboo tubes are sealed with musa basjoo leaves and buried in the soil for fermentation. In about two months, the sour tea is ready.
酸茶既可以沖泡飲用,也可用來做菜,更有人將它當(dāng)作零食直接放入口中咀嚼。它兼有清熱解暑、促進(jìn)消化的功效。布朗族人將它作為招待客人和互相饋贈的禮物。
Sour tea can be drunk and used for cooking, and some people will put it directly into the mouth to chew as a snack. It boasts the effect of relieving heat and inflammation and facilitating digestion. The Bulang people use sour tea to entertain guests and as a gift.
布朗族世代以茶為生、與茶為伴,茶飲食文化還包括竹筒烤茶、土罐茶、煮青竹茶、吃生茶等。在這里,茶不僅僅是一種飲品,更是一種生活的方式和文化的象征。
The Bulang people have been living on and with tea for generations. The tea diet culture also
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